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1. Suchodolski JS. Analysis of the gut microbiome in dogs and cats. Veterinary Clinical Pathology. 2022 Feb;50:6-17.
2. Janeczko S, Atwater D, Bogel E, et al. The relationship of mucosal bacteria to duodenal histopathology, cytokine mRNA, and clinical disease activity in cats with inflammatory bowel disease. Vet Microbiol. 2008;128(1-2):178-93.
3. Blake AB, Guard BC, Honneffer JB, Lidbury JA, Steiner JM, Suchodolski JS. Altered microbiota, fecal lactate, and fecal bile acids in dogs with gastrointestinal disease. PLoS One. 2019;14(10)
4. Summers SC, Quimby JM, Isaiah A, Suchodolski JS, Lunghofer PJ, Gustafson DL. The fecal microbiome and serum concentrations of indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol sulfate in cats with chronic kidney disease. J Vet Intern Med. 2019;33(2):662-9.
5. Qinghong L, Larouche-Lebel E, Loughran KA, Huh TP, Suchodolski JS, Oyama MA. Metabolomics analysis reveals deranged energy metabolism and amino acid metabolic reprogramming in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021;10
6. Seo J, Matthewman L, Xia D, Wilshaw J, Chang YM, Connolly DJ. The gut microbiome in dogs with congestive heart failure: a pilot study. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):13777.
7. Li Q, Larouche-Lebel E, Loughran KA, Huh TP, Suchodolski JS, Oyama MA. Gut dysbiosis and its associations with gut microbiota-derived metabolites in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease. mSystems. 2021;6(2)
8. Jeffery ND, Barker AK, Alcott CJ, et al. The association of specific constituents of the fecal microbiota with immune-mediated brain disease in dogs. PLoS One. 2017;12(1)
9. Strandwitz P. Neurotransmitter modulation by the gut microbiota. Brain Res. 2018;1693:128-33.
10. Antonini M, Lo Conte M, Sorini C, Falcone M. How the interplay between the commensal microbiota, gut barrier integrity, and mucosal immunity regulates brain autoimmunity. Front Immunol. 2019;10:1937.
11. Cryan JF, O’Riordan KJ, Cowan CS, et al. The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis. Physiol Rev. 2019;99(4):1877-2013.
12. Mayer EA, Tillisch K, Gupta A. Gut/brain axis and the microbiota. J Clin Invest. 2015;125(3):926-38.
13. Kieler IN, Osto M, Hugentobler L, et al. Diabetic cats have decreased gut microbial diversity and a lack of butyrate producing bacteria. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):4822.
14. Habermaass V, Olivero D, Gori E, Mariti C, Longhi E, Marchetti V. Intestinal Microbiome in Dogs with Chronic Hepatobiliary Disease: Can We Talk about the Gut–Liver Axis? Animals. 2023;13(20):3174.
15. Trebicka J, Bork P, Krag A, Arumugam M. Utilizing the gut microbiome in decompensated cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;18:167-80.
16. Vallianou N, Christodoulatos GS, Karampela I, Tsilingiris D, Magkos F, Stratigou T, et al. Understanding the Role of the Gut Microbiome and Microbial Metabolites in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Current Evidence and Perspectives. Biomolecules. 2021;12(1):56.
17. Catanzaro R, Anzalone M, Calabrese F, Milazzo M, Capuana M, Italia A, et al. The gut microbiota and its correlations with the central nervous system disorders. Panminerva Med. 2015;57(3):127-43.
18. Dolpady J, Sorini C, Di Pietro C, Cosorich I, Ferrarese R, Saita D, et al. Oral probiotic VSL#3 prevents autoimmune diabetes by modulating microbiota and promoting indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-enriched tolerogenic intestinal environment. J Diabetes Res. 2016;2016:7569431.
19. Rutten N, Gorissen DM, Eck A, Niers LE, Vlieger AM, Besseling-van der Vaart I, et al. Long term development of gut microbiota composition in atopic children: Impact of probiotics. PLoS One. 2015;10(9)
20. Kogut MH, Lee A, Santin E. Microbiome and pathogen interaction with the immune system. Poult Sci. 2020;99(4):1906-13.
21. Kim CH. Immune regulation by microbiome metabolites. Immunology. 2018;154(2):220-9.
22. Suchodolski JS. Diagnosis and interpretation of intestinal dysbiosis in dogs and cats. Vet J. 2016;215:30-7.
23. Suchodolski JS. Dysbiosis and the use of pre, pro and synbiotics. In: Lidbury JA, editor. Clinical Small Animal Internal Medicine. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons; 2020. p. 621-6.
24. Blaser M. Stop the killing of beneficial bacteria. Nature. 2011;476(7361):393-4.
25. Kahn LH, Bergeron G, Bourassa MW, et al. From farm management to bacteriophage therapy: strategies to reduce antibiotic use in animal agriculture. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1441(1): 31-9.
26. DeGruttola AK, Low D, Mizoguchi A, Mizoguchi E. Current understanding of dysbiosis in disease in human and animal models. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2016; 22(5): 1137-50.
27. Hollins SL, Hodgson DM. Stress, microbiota, and immunity. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2019; 28: 66-71.
28. Evans SJ, Bassis CM, Hein R, et al. The gut microbiome composition associates with bipolar disorder and illness severity. J Psychiatr Res 2017; 87: 23-9.
29. Kriss M, Hazleton KZ, Nusbacher NM, Martin CG, Lozupone CA. Low diversity gut microbiota dysbiosis: drivers, functional implications and recovery. Curr Opin Microbiol 2018; 44: 34-40.
30. Saffouri GB, Shields-Cutler RR, Chen J, et al. Small intestinal microbial dysbiosis underlies symptoms associated with functional gastrointestinal disorders. Nat Commun 2019; 10(1): 2012.
31. Shah A, Talley NJ, Holtmann G. Current and future approaches for diagnosing small intestinal dysbiosis in patients with symptoms of functional dyspepsia. Front Neurosci 2022; 16: 830356.
32. Irlbeck NA. How to feed the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) gastrointestinal tract. J Anim Sci 2001; 79 (suppl_E): E343-6.
33. Oglesbee BL, Lord B. Gastrointestinal diseases of rabbits. Ferrets, Rabbits, and Rodents 2020; 174.
34. Ewuola EO, Amadi CU, Imam TK. Performance evaluation and nutrient digestibility of rabbits fed dietary prebiotics, probiotics and symbiotics. Int J Appl Agric Apicult Res 2011; 7(1): 107-17.
1. Nixon, SL, Rose, L, Muller, AT. Efficacy of an orally administered anti-diarrheal probiotic paste (Pro-Kolin Advanced) in dogs with acute diarrhea: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical study. J Vet Intern Med 2019; 33: 1286-1294.
